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Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Extraction planning

   Deposit characterization guides work fronts and exploitation sequence. Scheduling considers expected quality, access, transport, and plant reception capacity. The objective is to connect the mine's pace with the overall capacity.

2. 02

   Blasting, loading, and hauling

   Fragmentation is defined according to deposit conditions and the applicable mining method. Loading and transport equipment moves the ore to crushing or stockpiling. Coordination of movements and reception contributes to a stable feed.

3. 03

   Reception at preparation

   The ore is identified, unloaded, and organized for processing. Communication between mine and plant allows relating changes in feed to material origin and adjusting the schedule within available capacities.

Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Crushing and classification

   Size reduction and screening separate material fractions. Feeders, crushers, screens, and conveyors must work with coordinated flow rates. Size distribution influences subsequent handling and suitability for the chosen route.

2. 02

   Concentration when applicable

   Separation is selected according to ore properties. It may require grinding and specific concentration equipment; a single solution does not apply to all deposits. The goal is to obtain a stream compatible with metallurgical and commercial requirements.

3. 03

   Blending, stockpiling, and dispatch

   Material is organized by characteristics and destination. Controlled blending and yard identification allow preparing consistent batches. Delivery is coordinated with pelletizing, reduction, or direct commercialization of the corresponding fraction.

Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Mix preparation

   Feed material is conditioned according to plant design and target product. Size distribution, moisture, and mix components influence pellet formation and their response to subsequent treatment.

2. 02

   Formation and classification

   Agglomeration equipment forms green pellets, which are classified before thermal treatment. Fractions outside the planned range can return to the preparation circuit, according to process design and material balance.

3. 03

   Thermal treatment and cooling

   The thermal sequence consolidates the pellets for subsequent use. After cooling, the product is classified and organized for storage or dispatch. Coordination of the thermal circuit with feeding and material handling is a central part of the operation.

Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Feed and gas preparation

   The charge and reducing gas are prepared according to the installed technology. The condition of the ore and the stability of the gaseous supply influence reduction. The circuit includes circulation, conditioning, and recovery equipment according to its design.

2. 02

   Solid-state reduction

   Contact between charge and gas allows oxygen to be removed from the ore. The reduced iron retains a solid form before discharge. The operation follows the evolution of the process and coordinates feed, gas, and product extraction.

3. 03

   Discharge and briquetting

   The reduced product can follow different handling routes. To obtain HBI, the hot material is compacted in briquetters and conditioned for transfer. Reduction, discharge, and compaction must be coordinated to maintain continuity and quality.

Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Charge preparation and melting

   The schedule defines the combination of metallic inputs according to the steel grade and availability. The electric furnace provides energy to form the liquid bath. The organization of charges, consumables, and handling equipment accompanies the production sequence.

2. 02

   Refining and secondary metallurgy

   The metal is prepared to achieve the required composition and condition before casting. Depending on the grade and equipment, adjustments and treatments are performed in the ladle. The laboratory and casting schedule must be coordinated with this phase.

3. 03

   Continuous casting and cutting

   Liquid steel passes from the ladle to the distribution system and the mold. Solidification and extraction produce a continuous section that is cut into semi-finished products. The route determines whether the result is slab, bloom, or billet.

Transformation sequence

1. 01

   Preparation and hot rolling

   The semi-finished product is conditioned to enter the mill. Rolling stands reduce and shape its section in successive passes. Scheduling links the input geometry with the equipment and the product family that the facility can manufacture.

2. 02

   Transformation and finishing

   Depending on the route, cold rolling, heat treatments, leveling, cutting, or other operations may be involved. Not all products pass through all units: the sequence is determined by the grade, dimension, and required supply condition.

3. 03

   Inspection and delivery

   Products are verified and organized by order and heat. Dimensional and surface control is complemented by specified tests. Identification, packaging, and storage must maintain this correspondence until dispatch.